White cabbage is one of the most common and favorite garden crops. Most of the owners of country and household plots are engaged in its cultivation with pleasure and enthusiasm. Many of them manage to grow not only cabbages, but also cabbage seeds.
Table of contents
What kind of soil does cabbage like when planting?
In order to grow a good harvest of cabbage, it is necessary to choose the right place for its landing. Much depends on where your cottage is located. So which plot to pick up to harvest a rich harvest afterwards? Independent choice is good, but it is better to listen to the advice of experienced gardeners. The best solution is the river floodplain, where the roots of a moisture-loving plant are provided with an abundant supply of water. The soil for this garden crop can be of any type with alkaline or neutral reaction. Cabbage will definitely love this kind of land. Absolutely not suitable for growing cabbage sour earth, which increases the likelihood of defeat vegetable keel. If the soil on your site has an acid reaction, then before you grow cabbage, it must proklidkovat.
How to grow a good crop?
To get a high yield of cabbage, it is necessary to comply with agricultural practices at all stages of growing vegetables, namely:
- properly prepare seed material;
- sow and grow strong healthy seedlings;
- to plant seedlings in the ground according to all the rules;
- carry out the necessary care of plants;
- harvest without loss.
Preparation of white cabbage seedlings
In order to obtain strong healthy seedlings and subsequently a large head of cabbage and a high yield of white cabbage, one should take care of obtaining high-quality seed material in a timely manner. Many gardeners are engaged in the cultivation of their own cabbage seeds.
White cabbage seedlings can be planted in greenhouses, greenhouses, open ground.It is possible and at home, but, as experience shows, in this case, the seedlings are weak, less resistant to diseases.
The most common is still the way of growing cabbage seedlings in greenhouses of various sizes and designs. Sowing seeds in a greenhouse is possible from the beginning of April. Pre-selected and settles the location of the greenhouse. Uniform illumination of the site by the sun is a necessary condition.
Seeds are gently sown in transverse grooves, recessed no more than 10 mm. After landing, the area is leveled. The soil is slightly moistened, and the crops are covered with a film. Greenhouse regularly, about once every three days, open for ventilation.
The seedling is ready for planting in the open ground approximately 3 weeks after planting the seed. As soon as the 4th real sheet appears. But you should not hurry, you can wait until the root system and the whole plant as a whole get stronger. This will guarantee that the cabbage will confidently grow and bloom in the open field. Usually full readiness for transplantation on a permanent comes with the deployment of 5-6 sheets.
Planting spring seedlings in open ground
When the seedlings are ready for planting in open ground, to be sure that it will be comfortable to grow, the following measures are taken:
- Open a greenhouse to temper the plants.
- A week before the planned landing, the rate of irrigation is reduced, but so as to prevent wilting.
- The day before the plants are transferred to a permanent place, they are fed with potash fertilizer.
- Preparing a bed for planting cabbage: dug up, remove weeds, mark the holes.
Depending on the ripening period, the plants are placed at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other. They plant cabbage either in rows or in a staggered manner, observing the recommended distance between adjacent specimens. It is necessary to plant seedlings carefully so as not to cover the growth point with earth. The wells are pre-shed with water and after planting, they also carry out abundant watering.
Departure after landing
Agrotechnology cabbage care is quite simple and includes:
- watering;
- top dressing;
- loosening and hilling;
- weed, disease and pest control.
Watering is carried out regularly, depending on the weather every 2-3 days, abundant, since the plant is moisture-loving, with cold water.
After each watering, it is necessary to loosen the soil in order to provide air access to the root system of plants. Hilling is done as needed, about once every two weeks.
Feed the cabbage in the open field is carried out several times.
The first time about two weeks after disembarking infusion of mullein, diluted with water at the rate of 1 l per 10 l.
Re-feeding with the same composition is carried out after 2 weeks.
Potassium fertilizers and urea will go into action when the heads of cabbages start to be tied. Both in the amount of 10 g diluted in a bucket of water and spend foliar feeding.
Pests
White cabbage is susceptible to attack by various pests: cabbage whitefish, cruciferous flea, slugs and others. This culture and fungal diseases affect.Therefore, during the entire period of cultivation it is necessary to carry out protective, prophylactic and therapeutic measures. Today, you can purchase effective tools to combat garden plagues and handle planting according to the instructions attached to the preparations. Good results are given and folk remediesproven for decades.
How to get cabbage seeds
Cabbage refers to biennial plants. I.e you can get its seeds only in the second yearwhen the plant forms flowers and fruits.
Thus, having grown heads of cabbages from seedlings, we pass only halfway through to obtain seeds. It is necessary to select suitable plants for queen cells. Preference is given to undersized specimens with a thin stump, a small number of outer leaves with short petioles.
Mother liquors are removed to frost, stored with roots, dipping them previously in a clay mash.
Leaving a head of cabbage with 2-3 covering sheets, they are stored separately from food stocks in the basement or cellar at a temperature of + 2 ° C. A month before planting, the queen cells are transferred to a room with a temperature of + 5 ° C.
At the end of March - the beginning of April of the following year, they begin preparing the queen cells for planting. They clean the rotten roots and cut the head into a cone so that the base diameter is 12–20 cm. It is necessary to ensure that the planting material during this time does not dry up, does not freeze, and does not cope.
Under the landing of the queen cells, areas are withdrawn from which snow comes first. Even in the fall, such a site during digging is fertilized with manure at the rate of 4-5 kg / m2. Compost can also be used.In the spring, potash and phosphate fertilizers are introduced at the rate of 10g / m2 and 20g / m2, respectively. As required produce nitrogen fertilizer (15 g / m2).
The correct time for planting testes in the ground
Deadline - the end of April. Before planting, the roots of plants are coated with a creamy mixture of mullein and clay. Put in the hole, located at a distance of 60 cm from each other, under the very heading. Plants are watered and pritenyat first time from the sun, and also protect from frost. Care of the testes is the same as for planting other vegetables: weeding, watering, loosening, feeding.
After two weeks, rooted plants are freed from the remnants of old leaf blades and petioles in order to avoid rotting. When flower stalks develop, they produce a garter for supports. Colorless and diseased shoots are removed.
Excess flower stalks also break off. Flowering lasts about a month.
Seeds in fruit-pod ripen in a month and a half after the end of flowering. The seeds are harvested without waiting for the full ripening of the fruit, otherwise the very first ones will be lost after spilling from the pods. Up to 50 g of seed can be harvested from a single plant.The seeds extracted from the pods are dried and stored.
It is not so difficult to grow a good crop of white cabbage and to get high-quality seed material for the next year, you just need to carry out all the agricultural equipment of this garden crop. Our advice to help you.