Sweet and juicy carrots are considered to be the queen of autumn. This tasty and healthy root vegetable falls to the taste of many vegetable growers and consumers. The yield and quality of the grown vegetable is directly dependent on the quality of the seeds. How to prepare the seeds for planting? What carrot seeds to choose and how to prepare them for planting?
It does not matter in which region the planting is planned in the ground - near Moscow or in the Urals, it is very important that the seeds are properly treated so that they can well ascend and be stored properly, as well as to increase crop yields.
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How to choose the right variety of carrots
In order to get a high yield of excellent fruits, it is necessary to thoroughly approach the issue of sowing material selection. In order not to get lost in the huge variety of seed selection, you should first of all prioritize, find out which harvest varieties you need: early, mid-season or late.
After all, varieties that in certain climatic conditions will produce high yields and sweet fruits of excellent quality, in an unsuitable climate will look and bear fruit in a completely different way, may not be fruitful. And the picture on the package, and the promises on the other hand packs will differ significantly from the result, which will be deplorable.
So early grades of carrots are suitable for cultivation in central Russia and in the southern regions, but early varieties are absolutely not suitable for cultivation in Siberia.
Early
To the best early varieties include: Alenka, Boltex, Mango, Tushen, Artek, Shantane.
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- Stew
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- Shantane
Varieties for planting in the Urals
For growing in the Urals Suitable varieties: Anastasia, Blues, Queen of Autumn, Tenderness, Samson, Namur.
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- Queen of Autumn
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- Tenderness
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- Samson
In the Siberian district
But for Siberia it is better to pick up late-ripe varieties of carrots. The best zoned varieties for Siberia are: Vita Long, Sentyabrina, Canada, Cascade, Topaz, Crunch.
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- Vita Long
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- Topaz
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- Crunchy
Seed shelf life
Seed material of all vegetable varieties have their expiration dates. In carrots, these terms are average. Carrot seeds remain viable for 3-4 years.
When buying seed, it is necessary to closely monitor the terms of their packaging, because quite often the seeds that did not sell go from year to year to sale, and as a result, the buyer may plant the vegetable in the spring, but never wait for the seedlings to emerge.
If you collect them yourself, so as not to forget about the deadlines, you can simply sign the packaging with the seed. Of great importance and the conditions of storage of seeds. Best to keep them in foil bagswhich should be carefully sealed.
Crops that have been stored incorrectly can lose their properties without even waiting for the end of germination periods. To protect yourself from the risks of planting bad seeds, you need to consider them well. If the seeds are wrinkled, dry and warm, unsightly gray color, then they are unlikely to germinate.
How to soak the seeds before planting in open ground
If you are convinced of the appropriate timing of the seeds for planting and the suitability of the material, the next step is to soak them.
Such a procedure is necessary in order to improve seed quality, make them stronger, disinfected and to accelerate the germination process. Indeed, in the nucleus there is a large amount of essential oils, which significantly inhibit germination.
Immediately before soaking the core sanitize. To do this, they go down for 15 minutes in a fairly strong solution of potassium permanganate.
You can do without manganese: to do this, pour boiling water into a thermos and put the kernels in gauze bags there, leave them in the thermos for 30 minutes, after which the seeds are immediately cooled in cool water.
Seed treatment in vodka
The technology of vodka soaking the seeds of carrots before they are planted is very popular among many summer residents and gardeners. Vodka is a good solvent of essential oils, which significantly speeds up the germination process.
To use this method, it is enough just to put the kernels in gauze bags and soak them in vodka for 15 minutes. After that, they are thoroughly washed in clean water several times. After that, you can safely proceed to the landing in open ground.
Soaking in biologically active solutions and growth stimulants
Such solutions can be prepared independently:
- Solution wood ash. Two tablespoons of the sol are dissolved in 1 liter of water, and the day is allowed to infuse, then the seeds are put in gauze bags for three hours.
- Solution aloe juice. Cut the two lower leaves of an adult aloe plant, wrap them in a dark, dry cloth and leave them in the fridge for two days. Then the leaves are crushed and poured with 1 liter of cooled boiling water, this solution is kept for 24 hours and then gauze bags with cores are placed in it and left for a day. Then they are dried to a crumbly state.
- Solution mullein As a biostimulator, you can use it if the aesthetic side of the question does not scare you. In a solution of fermented mullein, bags of seed are dipped for a day.
- You can buy ready-made biologically active solutions in any specialty store. These include the solution EpinIt can not only increase the germination rate, but also prepare the seeds for extreme weather conditions. Zircon also proved to be highly effective, it contains the extract of echinacea. Solution Humate also no less effective, it consists of potassium and sodium humic acid salts.
- You can use complex fertilizer (nitrophoska). To do this, one tablespoon of fertilizer is dissolved in one liter of water and the seeds are soaked.
- Solution boric acid also used to process seed.
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- Zircon and Appin
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- Boric acid solution
Drazhirovanie
The process of drafting is immersion of seeds in a protective sheath. Flour, gelatin solution, brewed starch can be used as a coating mixture.
To create a protective film on the seeds, you need to immerse the swollen kernels in the selected mixture and shake them thoroughly, stir for 10 hours. Then the pelletized kernels are interspersed with wood ash.
After this procedure, seeds enveloped with film and increase in size. After the procedure, the kernel should be carefully dried and ensure that they do not stick together.
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What soak for quick germination
Bubbling
Sparging is also a very effective and quick remedy. To implement it you need to soak the seeds in water,through which oxygen is passed. Sparging for carrot seed need not less than 18-24 hours.
As a bubbler, you can successfully use aquarium compressor. Sparging can be carried out in ordinary water, and potash salts can be added to water. Potassium nitrate and phosphate not only accelerate the process of seed growth, but also add energy and cold resistance to shoots.
Folk remedies
Popular centuries-old experience recommends, in addition to wood ash and aloe juice, to use for soaking seeds melt water. Such water is completely different from its usual structure, it has a huge positive energy, which will pass on to future fruits.
You can also use the solution baking soda. It will also accelerate the germination process, and additionally disinfect the seed.
Common mistakes during preparation and sowing
Vegetable growers and gardeners often make mistakes when preparing seeds:
- Leave the coated seeds for several years for sowing. It is forbidden to do this, the seeds in the shell retain their germination only for one year.
- Poorly dried seeds after soaking.
- Keep the seeds in solution, what contribute to their too rapid germination, even before the period of planting in the soil.
- Do not check expiration dates seed to land.
- Wrongly stored collected seeds.
- Do not pay attention to the appearance of the seed. If the seed material is wrinkled, dirty, dull color, then no sprouting, growth stimulation, coating and barborting will not bring such seed material back to life.
- Do not compare seeds with zoning recommendations. Trying to grow crops in unsuitable climate zone.
- Do not comply rules for soaking and germination.
- Planted seed planted in improper soil.
Carrots are a very unpretentious crop, the cultivation of which does not require much hassle and effort. The only important point: pre-sowing seed germination.If you follow all the rules and recommendations, you will get an excellent greater yield of juicy, crispy and sweet carrot.